her appearance, her knowledge of cookery, her pride, and her manner of 

serving her husband. The expenditure of the year should be regulated by 

the profits. The milk that remains after the meals should be turned into 

ghee or clarified butter. Oil and sugar should be prepared at home; 

spinning and weaving should also be done there; and a store of ropes and 

cords, and barks of trees for twisting into ropes should be kept. She 

should also attend to the pounding and cleaning of rice, using its small 

grain and chaff in some way or other. She should pay the salaries of the 

servants, look after the tilling of the fields, and keeping of the 

flocks and herds, superintend the making of vehicles, and take care of 

the rams, cocks, quails, parrots, starlings, cuckoos, peacocks, monkeys, 

and deer; and finally adjust the income and expenditure of the day. The 

worn-out clothes should be given to those servants who have done good 

work, in order to show them that their services have been appreciated, 

or they may be applied to some other use. The vessels in which wine is 

prepared, as well as those in which it is kept, should be carefully 

looked after, and put away at the proper time. All sales and purchases 

should also be well attended to. The friends of her husband she should 

welcome by presenting them with flowers, ointment, incense, betel 

leaves, and betel nut. Her father-in-law and mother-in law she should 

treat as they deserve, always remaining dependant on their will, never 

contradicting them, speaking to them in few and not harsh words, not 

laughing loudly in their presence, and acting with their friends and 

enemies as with her own. In addition to the above she should not be 

vain, or too much taken up with her enjoyments. She should be liberal 

towards her servants, and reward them on holidays and festivals; and not 

give away anything without first making it known to her husband. 

Thus ends the manner of living of a virtuous woman. 

During the absence of her husband on a journey the virtuous woman should 

wear only her auspicious ornaments, and observe the fasts in honour of 

the Gods. While anxious to hear the news of her husband, she should 

still look after her household affairs. She should sleep near the elder 

women of the house, and make herself agreeable to them. She should look 

after and keep in repair the things that are liked by her husband, and 

continue the works that have been begun by him. To the abode of her